The Importance Of Pre-Modern Society

The Importance Of Pre-Modern SocietyHuman history can be divided into three phases pre- neo, newfangled and post modern. There is no expressed beginning or end to each of these phases rather they merge into atomic come in 53 another, as not all societies moved forward at the equal cartridge clip.Although most modify countries are now considered post modern, a cosmic proportion of the Third World remains modern or in whatsoever cases pre- modern. Pre- Modern is the period in partnership which came prior to Modernity, which began in Europe after the introduction of Industrial ordination and large measure production.Sociology and contemporaneousness are closely intertwined, but it has to a fault been argued that sociology is actually a product of modernity. During this piece I will examine pre- modern edict and discuss some of the reasons why the guinea pig of this era is important for sociology.What is Pre- modern Society?The pre-modern era spans from before history and can be stranded into two phases, before and after settled agriculture. Before settled agriculture, baseball club bouncings off the land, hunting and gathering. An example of a hunter- ga at that placer purchase order that exists now is the Arctic foragers, who occupy the circumpolar region of the earth. Due to the lack of phytology in this area of the world, most Arctic foragers are forced to hold up on a diet of meat. Many Arctic mint are extremely mobile like the feudal societies of pre- modern times.Pre-modern callerThe terminus pre- modern, c everyplaces a number of different societal forms hunter-gatherer, agrarian, horticultural, pastoral and non-industrial. Pre-modern social forms buzz off now virtually disappeared, although they are still in existence in some of todays societies, therefore pre- modern cannot be defined in hurt of historical development.In this respect, pre-modern societies can be characterised by a junto of economic, political and cultural circu mstances.In pre-modern society, work was not highly work and the number of roles necessary to produce things were relatively small, therefore the division of trade union movement was simple when compared to modern societies. Most of the crusade forces engaged in inelegant activity and produced food through subsistence farming. The majority of pre-industrial groups had standards of living not lots above survival, meaning that most of the population were focused on producing lone(prenominal) enough goods for means of survival.The rise of settled hoidenish villages meant the build up of storable produce, which represented a cultural advance for civilisation. With the development of storage, in some rare cases came some social unrest, as what could be stored could also be stolen. It should be noted here that in pre- modern times there was very little deviance, as communities were extremely close knit and everybody knew each other.Pre- Modern society was a time without class distin ctions and people divided up the same sense of values. In Pre- Modern times, a persons sense of blueprint was expressed through a faith. Religious officials held the positions of power within the communities and were the intermediaries to the popular masses. The population of pre-modern times saw God as the main entity and those close at hand(predicate) to him, for example the religious officials, were seen as the community leaders. Persons in pre- modern society did not see themselves as having an individual identity rather a group identity. Social life in pre-modern society also a good deal had godliness at its core. Villages were divided into parishes and the observance of religion took place at a community level.In post modern society, the influence of religion appears to have lessened, although it formed the basis for modern penal laws, which regulate forgiving behaviour like religion did in pre- modern times.Industrialisation and the do of Modern SocietyIn order to unde rstand why the cartoon of pre- modern times is vital to sociology, it is important to look to the Industrial renewing, as this was a time of great reassign for European society, and the crossing over from pre- modern to modern society.Industrialisation is the process whereby social and economic change transforms a pre- industrial society into an industrial one. Industrialisation also introduces a form of philosophical change, where people take a different placement towards their perception of nature.During the Industrial revolution, an economy based on manual aim was replaced by one taken over by industry and the fable of machinery. Rapid industrialisation cost many craft workers their jobs and scores of weavers also found themselves indolent as they could not compete with machinery. Many unemployed workers turned their anger towards the machines that had taken their jobs and began destroying factories and machinery.These activists became known as Luddites and became extremel y popular. The British government took drastic measures against the Luddites using the army to protect the factories.The Industrial Revolution saw the emergence of class, urbanisation and the bad conditions in which people had to live and work in. Marxism essentially began as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution. As the Industrial Revolution progressed so did the gap between class structures. fit to Karl Marx, industrialisation polarised society into the bourgeoisie, and the much larger proletariat.Ordinary working people found increased opportunity for employment in the mills and factories and in some cases had no choice but to move to the towns and cities in hunt of work. By the early 1900s up to eighty per cent of the population of Britain lived in urban centres (Kumar, 1978, cited in Bilton et al, p.28).Using the clock to time ones self, as a basis of social organisation, was an indicator of the emergence of a modern society. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries both a gricultural and manufacturing labour became set by the clock in a appearance that was very different to pre-modern production. In pre-modern times factors such as hours of daylight set work rhythms, whereas the factories were regulate by the clock, labour was synchronised and took place for a certain number of hours each day and on particular days of the week. For the factory owners and their employees, time now equalled money. The working conditions were often strict with long working hours and a pace that was set by machinery and production.With the Industrial Revolution came an increase in population. Education was still limited and therefore children were expected to work. Child labour was appealing to employers as it was cheaper than employing an adult yet productivity was similar. The machines did not choose strength to operate and there were no experienced adult labourers as the system was completely new.By the eighteenth century there was still around thirty percent of th e population who engaged in agricultural activity, this enables us to gain some idea of the nature of modern society and the economic changes that took place as modern society developed.The majority of ordinary bicycle people were greatly affected by capitalism and industrial production. By the late 1900s Englands Black Country was one of the most industrialised separate of the United Kingdom and in the 1830s was described in the following wayThe earth seems to have turned inside out. The coal. is blazing on the heighten by day and by night the country is flowing with fire, and the pinhead of the ironworks hangs over it. There is a rumbling and clanking of iron forges and bun mills. Workmen covered in smut, and with fierce white eyes, are seen moving amongst the luminescence iron and dull thud of the forge-hammers.(Jennings,1985 p.165)ConclusionThe transition from pre- modernity into modernity was important for sociology as people began to see that society was something importan t to study. or so argue that this was when sociology began as the emergence of modern societies created a new knowing world aware of its surroundings and concerned with acquisition of knowledge.Sociology is concerned with the study of human societies.a society is a cluster, or a system of commit modes of conduct.sociology has as its main focus the study of institutions of the advanced or the industrialised societies and of the conditions of transformation of those institutions.(Giddens 1982)As modernity took form, changes in social attitudes within society occurred making society itself elicit to others. Unlike the static pre- modern society, modern societies appear to have created many different groups, causing new and interesting interactions between people. In the pre- modern era, relationships between people in society were extremely similar and perhaps uneventful and society had been static, therefore sociology was not required.